What You Should Know About a PIW Mortgage
A property inspection waiver (PIW) mortgage is a mortgage that’s eligible for an appraisal waiver, which means the loan can be approved without a full home appraisal report. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, two government-sponsored enterprises that support the mortgage market, allow lenders to use existing data — run through an automated underwriting system — to originate the mortgage without asking for a real estate appraiser’s feedback.
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What is an appraisal waiver?
Home appraisals are usually a required part of getting a mortgage, but appraisal waivers give homebuyers the ability to skip over this step. This can potentially save time and money: home appraisals typically cost $300 to $500 for a full report.
Appraisal waivers are also known as “value acceptance” because the lender provides a home value and it is accepted without the need to confirm it with an appraisal.
A home appraisal was the standard method to evaluate a home’s fair market value for many years, but as of April 15, 2023, if you’re buying a home with a conventional loan, you may have other options to determine your home’s value, including: Value acceptance plus property data. This option doesn’t require an appraisal or appraiser, but isn’t as simple as a straight-ahead value acceptance. It still depends on property data collected by a third-party professional who is trained to assess the interior and exterior of a home — however, this person doesn’t have to be a real estate appraiser. Hybrid appraisal. A hybrid appraisal is a valuation method that involves collaboration between an appraiser and a property-data collector, but may only be allowed in special cases.
New Home Valuation Options in 2023
How to qualify for a PIW mortgage
Appraisal waivers are only offered on conventional mortgages, and only if you’re buying or refinancing a home. There are some government mortgage refinance programs that don’t require appraisals, but we’ll cover those later.
The loan-to-value (LTV) ratio is a measure of how much of your home’s value you’re borrowing, and it’s the most important factor when qualifying for an appraisal waiver. You’ll see the maximum LTV allowed for each type of appraisal waiver listed in the table below.
| Eligibility factor | Acceptable property and residency characteristics | Maximum LTV |
|---|---|---|
| Home purchases | ✓ Primary residences ✓ Second homes | 80% |
| Home refinance type | ✓ Limited cash-out refinances for:
| 70%-90% depending on residency type:
|
✓ Cash-out refinances for:
| 60% - 70% depending on residency type:
|
For a shot at a PIW mortgage, you’ll either need to make a large down payment (at least 20%) on a home purchase or have at least 10% equity in your home on a limited cash-out refinance. Borrowers who want to get extra money above what they currently owe with a cash-out refinance will need even more equity for an appraisal waiver.
Regardless of whether you’re refinancing or purchasing a new home, to be eligible for a PIW mortgage, the home must be either a:
✓ One-unit property
✓ Condominium
This means that multi-unit properties are not eligible for a PIW mortgage.
Things You Should Know
The type of appraisal waiver you can get depends on whether you’re applying for a loan backed by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac:
- Fannie Mae offers its PIW option on loans approved through Desktop Underwriter (DU), an automated underwriting system.
- Freddie Mac’s automated collateral evaluation (ACE) appraisal waiver is offered through the Loan Product Advisor automated underwriting system.
Understanding mortgage appraisals
A home appraisal determines how much your home is worth. A licensed real estate appraiser conducts it and provides an unbiased assessment of the home’s value. The appraiser inspects the home’s interior and exterior condition, design and features to determine its value compared to recent home sales in your area.
You’ll typically get an appraisal during the homebuying process, and lenders review them to make sure the purchase price checks out and to calculate how much of the home’s value you can borrow. You may also need an appraisal for a mortgage refinance so the lender can confirm your value is high enough to replace your current mortgage with a new one.
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Appraisal waiver pros and cons
Pros
You’ll save money on the cost of the appraisal
You won’t have to wait for the appraisal to be completed
You won’t have to spruce up the house for an interior evaluation if you’re refinancing
You may be able to close on a purchase or refinance loan much faster
Cons
You won’t have a third-party opinion of your home’s value
You’ll be relying on data pulled from previous appraisers that may not be accurate now
You could end up borrowing money on a house that’s priced too high
You won’t have an up-to-date assessment on your home’s condition
Things You Should Know
Other mortgage programs that offer an appraisal waiver
Several government-backed mortgage programs offer their own appraisal waiver options, too. Homeowners with loans backed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) can take advantage of streamlined refinance programs that don’t usually require an appraisal. An added bonus: Most of these programs also don’t require any proof of income.
- VA IRRRL Short for “interest rate reduction refinance loan,” the VA IRRRL allows military borrowers with a current VA loan to improve the terms of their loan and roll in the costs.
- FHA streamline If you’ve paid your current FHA mortgage on time, you may be able to lower your rate with the FHA streamline program. However, make sure you budget for your closing costs — you can’t add them to your loan amount unless you ask your lender to pay them in exchange for a higher mortgage rate.
- USDA streamlined assist Low- to moderate-income rural homeowners with a USDA loan may qualify for a streamlined assist refinance to snag a lower payment or improve their loan terms.